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EPA system ID4010016 · Idaho

Veolia Water Idaho: Lithium at or above EPA's 10 ppb health reference level

System ID ID4010016; community water system; Idaho; source: surface water; serves 264,978 people via 108,138 connections; status: active

In focus264,978people served, EPA registry
Public records. Clearer context.
Highest result against its EPA referenceLithium
Lithium: 24.3 ppb; health reference level 10 ppb. highest single sample.24.3 ppbhealth reference level: 10 ppb

highest single sample; sampled May 2023–February 2024. Source: EPA UCMR 5 final release, August 2026.

Veolia Water Idaho is a privately owned community water system in Idaho serving about 264,978 people, matched to 16 ZIP codes.

< 4.0 ppt
PFOA, highest complete-set average
24 samples, none above the reporting level
MCL 4.0 ppt · not detected above the reporting level
< 4.0 ppt
PFOS, highest complete-set average
24 samples, none above the reporting level
MCL 4.0 ppt · not detected above the reporting level
24.3 ppb
Lithium, highest single sample
16 of 24 samples above the reporting level
health reference level 10 ppb · at or above the health reference level
0 / 29
PFAS found above the reporting level
720 results, 10 entry points
0 at or above an MCL on the average basis
2 ppb
Lead 90th percentile
period ending Jun 30, 2026
action level 15 ppb · below the action level
0
health-based violations since Sep 3, 2016
2 violations in total

PFAS treatment declared to EPA: None declared (13 of 13 sampling events) · PFAS found before UCMR 5: Yes, at 13 of 24 sampling events

What EPA says about what was found

  • Lithium EPA's health reference level is derived from a 2008 provisional toxicity value based on effects seen at therapeutic lithium doses; EPA notes the assessment is provisional. EPA source

Quoted from EPA assessments. This site adds no health claims of its own.

PFAS and lithium: what EPA's national survey found

EPA tested this water for 30 substances and found 1. Lithium reached 24.3 ppb; EPA's health reference level, which is guidance and not a limit, is 10 ppb.

Between May 2023 and February 2024, EPA's UCMR 5 program tested 720 samples from 10 sampling locations for 30 contaminants (29 PFAS plus lithium). 1 were detected above the reporting level in at least one sample. Lithium reached 24.3 ppb in a single sample, at or above the health reference level of 10 ppb, which is non-regulatory.

Result EPA comparesNot detected, shown at the reporting levelEPA reference value, at the middle of each row's scale
ContaminantResult against the EPA referenceResultStatus
Lithiumhighest single sample
24.3 ppb
at or above the health reference level
Show the 29 contaminants not detected above the reporting level
11Cl-PF3OUdSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
4:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
6:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
8:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
9Cl-PF3ONSnot detected · reporting level 2.0 ppt
< 2.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
ADONAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
HFPO-DA (GenX)not detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NEtFOSAAnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NFDHAnot detected · reporting level 20.0 ppt
< 20.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NMeFOSAAnot detected · reporting level 6.0 ppt
< 6.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFBAnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFBSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFDAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFDoAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFEESAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHpAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHpSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHxAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHxSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFMBAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFMPAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFNAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFOAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFOSnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFPeAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFPeSnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFTAnot detected · reporting level 8.0 ppt
< 8.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFTrDAnot detected · reporting level 7.0 ppt
< 7.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFUnAnot detected · reporting level 2.0 ppt
< 2.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
Full table: samples, detections, highest single sample, complete-set average and sampling dates for all 30 contaminants
ContaminantSamplesDetectionsHighest single sampleComplete-set average (results used)EPA referenceStatusSampled
Lithium241624.3 ppb20.5 ppb (2 of 2)10 ppb health reference level · compared on the highest sampleat or above the health reference levelMay 2023 – February 2024
11Cl-PF3OUdS240< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
4:2 FTS240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
6:2 FTS240< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
8:2 FTS240< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
9Cl-PF3ONS240< 2.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
ADONA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
HFPO-DA (GenX)240< 5.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
NEtFOSAA240< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
NFDHA240< 20.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
NMeFOSAA240< 6.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFBA240< 5.0 ppt6,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFBS240< 3.0 ppt2,000 ppt health-based water concentration · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFDA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFDoA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFEESA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFHpA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFHpS240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFHxA240< 3.0 ppt3,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFHxS240< 3.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFMBA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFMPA240< 4.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFNA240< 4.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFOA240< 4.0 ppt4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFOS240< 4.0 ppt4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFPeA240< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFPeS240< 4.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFTA240< 8.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFTrDA240< 7.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
PFUnA240< 2.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelMay 2023 – February 2024
UCMR 5 is a one-time national monitoring survey. Its results do not indicate compliance or non-compliance with the PFAS Maximum Contaminant Levels, which are enforced on running annual averages and take effect in 2029 (EPA has proposed allowing extensions to 2031). A single result above a limit on this page is a measurement, not a violation.

Sampling-point average: mean of a location's two (ground water) or four (surface water) UCMR 5 results with non-detects counted as zero, EPA's method for comparing UCMR 5 data to the PFAS MCLs. EPA rounds to the reference value's significant digits before deciding whether an average is "greater than" an MCL (PFOA/PFOS averages count as above 4.0 ng/L only from 4.05 ng/L; lithium results count as above the 10 ppb reference only from 15 ppb). This site does not apply that rounding: "at or above" here means the measured value is numerically at or above the reference.

Every detection by sampling location (16 results)
DateSampling locationSource waterContaminantResultReporting level
May 15, 2023Licorice Finished Licorice Treatmentground waterLithium16.4 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023Taggart #1 Finished Taggart #1 Treatmentground waterLithium15.5 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023Floating Feather Finished Floating Feather Treatmentground waterLithium17.1 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023Cassia #1 Finished Cassia #1 Well Treatmentground waterLithium20.7 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023Centennial Well Finished Centennial Well Treatmentground waterLithium13.9 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023Sunset West Well Finished Sunset W. Well Treatmentground waterLithium20.5 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023Ten Mile Well Finished Ten Mile Well Treatmentground waterLithium18.2 ppb9 ppb
May 15, 2023McMillan Well Finished Mcmillan Well Treatmentground waterLithium17.2 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Licorice Finished Licorice Treatmentground waterLithium14.7 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Taggart #1 Finished Taggart #1 Treatmentground waterLithium24.3 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Floating Feather Finished Floating Feather Treatmentground waterLithium15.2 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Cassia #1 Finished Cassia #1 Well Treatmentground waterLithium20.4 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Centennial Well Finished Centennial Well Treatmentground waterLithium11.3 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Sunset West Well Finished Sunset W. Well Treatmentground waterLithium18 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023Ten Mile Well Finished Ten Mile Well Treatmentground waterLithium15.5 ppb9 ppb
Oct 25, 2023McMillan Well Finished Mcmillan Well Treatmentground waterLithium21.8 ppb9 ppb

Utility-reported context (UCMR 5 questionnaire, aggregated across sampling events): PFAS previously found at this system: yes at 13 of 24 sampling events, no at 11 of 24 sampling events; potential PFAS sources nearby: no at 24 of 24 sampling events; PFAS treatment in place: no PFAS treatment at 13 of 13 sampling events.

Lead at customer taps

In the latest completed monitoring period, ending Jun 30, 2026, 9 in 10 sampled homes had lead at or below 2 ppb, below the 15 ppb action level that triggers utility action. None of the 23 periods on record reached it.

Action level 15 ppb015Jul 1, 2019 – Dec 31, 2019: 0 ppbJan 1, 2020 – Jun 30, 2020: 0 ppbJul 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2020: 0 ppbJan 1, 2021 – Jun 30, 2021: 0 ppbJul 1, 2022 – Dec 31, 2022: 0 ppbJan 1, 2023 – Jun 30, 2023: 0 ppbJul 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023: 0 ppbJan 1, 2024 – Jun 30, 2024: 2 ppbJul 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024: 1 ppbJan 1, 2025 – Jun 30, 2025: 3 ppbJul 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025: 2 ppbJan 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026: 2 ppbDec 31, 2019Jun 30, 20262 ppb

In the most recent completed lead monitoring period, ending Jun 30, 2026, the 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 2 ppb, below the action level of 15 ppb (23 monitoring periods on record, none at the action level). The 90th percentile is the value that 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below. Values are in parts per billion (ppb).

Monitoring periodMetal90th percentileAction levelStatus
Jan 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2025 – Jun 30, 2025Lead3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024Lead1 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2024 – Jun 30, 2024Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2023 – Jun 30, 2023Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2022 – Dec 31, 2022Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2021 – Jun 30, 2021Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2020Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2020 – Jun 30, 2020Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2019 – Dec 31, 2019Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Show all 23 monitoring periods on record
Monitoring periodMetal90th percentileAction levelStatus
Jan 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2025 – Jun 30, 2025Lead3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024Lead1 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2024 – Jun 30, 2024Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2023 – Jun 30, 2023Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2022 – Dec 31, 2022Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2021 – Jun 30, 2021Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2020Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2020 – Jun 30, 2020Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 2019 – Dec 31, 2019Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2016 – Dec 31, 2018Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2013 – Dec 31, 2015Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2010 – Dec 31, 2012Lead5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2009 – Dec 31, 2011Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2006 – Dec 31, 2008Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2003 – Dec 31, 2005Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2000 – Dec 31, 2002Lead2 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 1995 – Dec 31, 1997Lead5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 1994 – Dec 31, 1994Lead8 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 1993 – Dec 31, 1993Lead10 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 1992 – Dec 31, 1992Lead9 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level

Drinking water violations since Sep 3, 2016

EPA lists 2 violations since Sep 3, 2016. None is health-based. All concern missed monitoring, reporting or public notices, not the water itself.

EPA's SDWIS database lists 2 violations recorded since Sep 3, 2016: 2 for monitoring or reporting, none health-based.

Compliance periodTypeContaminant / ruleDescriptionRecordsStatus
Aug 11, 2019MRE. ColiMonitoring, Source Water (GWR)1 recordResolved · 3 enforcement actions
May 26, 2019MRE. ColiMonitoring, Source Water (GWR)1 recordResolved · 3 enforcement actions

Sanitary surveys and site visits

Most recent state inspection: Nov 5, 2025 (sanitary survey); 2 visits since Sep 3, 2021.

What you can do about these results

Lithium: what reduces it

Lithium reached 24.3 ppb in a single sample, at or above EPA's non-regulatory 10 ppb health reference level.

No NSF/ANSI certification claim exists for lithium. Reverse osmosis systems reduce dissolved minerals generally; we do not recommend a specific product for lithium.

ZIP codes served

Sources

Data vintage: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data, samples collected 2023-01-03 – 2026-06-17, final release, August 2026 (file dated Aug 28, 2026); EPA SDWIS via ECHO, 2026Q2 extract (file dated Jul 9, 2026); EPA service-area boundaries v3.0; Census 2020 ZCTAs. Page generated 2026-09-03.

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