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EPA system MI0003760 · Michigan

Lansing Board of Water & Light: Lithium at or above EPA's 10 ppb health reference level

System ID MI0003760; community water system; Michigan; source: groundwater; serves 166,000 people via 56,159 connections; status: active

In focus166,000people served, EPA registry
Public records. Clearer context.
Highest result against its EPA referenceLithium
Lithium: 19.6 ppb; health reference level 10 ppb. highest single sample.19.6 ppbhealth reference level: 10 ppb

highest single sample; sampled February 2024–August 2024. Source: EPA UCMR 5 final release, August 2026.

Lansing Board of Water & Light is a local-government-owned community water system in Michigan serving about 166,000 people, matched to 17 ZIP codes.

< 4.0 ppt
PFOA, highest complete-set average
4 samples, none above the reporting level
MCL 4.0 ppt · not detected above the reporting level
< 4.0 ppt
PFOS, highest complete-set average
4 samples, none above the reporting level
MCL 4.0 ppt · not detected above the reporting level
19.6 ppb
Lithium, highest single sample
3 of 4 samples above the reporting level
health reference level 10 ppb · at or above the health reference level
0 / 29
PFAS found above the reporting level
120 results, 2 entry points
0 at or above an MCL on the average basis
0 ppb
Lead 90th percentile
period ending Dec 31, 2023
action level 15 ppb · below the action level
0
health-based violations since Sep 3, 2016
3 violations in total

PFAS treatment declared to EPA: None declared (4 of 4 sampling events) · PFAS found before UCMR 5: Yes, at 4 of 4 sampling events

What EPA says about what was found

  • Lithium EPA's health reference level is derived from a 2008 provisional toxicity value based on effects seen at therapeutic lithium doses; EPA notes the assessment is provisional. EPA source

Quoted from EPA assessments. This site adds no health claims of its own.

PFAS and lithium: what EPA's national survey found

EPA tested this water for 30 substances and found 1. Lithium reached 19.6 ppb; EPA's health reference level, which is guidance and not a limit, is 10 ppb.

Between February 2024 and August 2024, EPA's UCMR 5 program tested 120 samples from 2 sampling locations for 30 contaminants (29 PFAS plus lithium). 1 were detected above the reporting level in at least one sample. Lithium reached 19.6 ppb in a single sample, at or above the health reference level of 10 ppb, which is non-regulatory.

Result EPA comparesNot detected, shown at the reporting levelEPA reference value, at the middle of each row's scale
ContaminantResult against the EPA referenceResultStatus
Lithiumhighest single sample
19.6 ppb
at or above the health reference level
Show the 29 contaminants not detected above the reporting level
11Cl-PF3OUdSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
4:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
6:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
8:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
9Cl-PF3ONSnot detected · reporting level 2.0 ppt
< 2.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
ADONAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
HFPO-DA (GenX)not detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NEtFOSAAnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NFDHAnot detected · reporting level 20.0 ppt
< 20.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NMeFOSAAnot detected · reporting level 6.0 ppt
< 6.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFBAnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFBSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFDAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFDoAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFEESAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHpAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHpSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHxAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHxSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFMBAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFMPAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFNAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFOAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFOSnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFPeAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFPeSnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFTAnot detected · reporting level 8.0 ppt
< 8.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFTrDAnot detected · reporting level 7.0 ppt
< 7.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFUnAnot detected · reporting level 2.0 ppt
< 2.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
Full table: samples, detections, highest single sample, complete-set average and sampling dates for all 30 contaminants
ContaminantSamplesDetectionsHighest single sampleComplete-set average (results used)EPA referenceStatusSampled
Lithium4319.6 ppb14.6 ppb (2 of 2)10 ppb health reference level · compared on the highest sampleat or above the health reference levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
11Cl-PF3OUdS40< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
4:2 FTS40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
6:2 FTS40< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
8:2 FTS40< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
9Cl-PF3ONS40< 2.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
ADONA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
HFPO-DA (GenX)40< 5.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
NEtFOSAA40< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
NFDHA40< 20.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
NMeFOSAA40< 6.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFBA40< 5.0 ppt6,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFBS40< 3.0 ppt2,000 ppt health-based water concentration · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFDA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFDoA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFEESA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFHpA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFHpS40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFHxA40< 3.0 ppt3,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFHxS40< 3.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFMBA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFMPA40< 4.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFNA40< 4.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFOA40< 4.0 ppt4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFOS40< 4.0 ppt4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFPeA40< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFPeS40< 4.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFTA40< 8.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFTrDA40< 7.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
PFUnA40< 2.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelFebruary 2024 – August 2024
UCMR 5 is a one-time national monitoring survey. Its results do not indicate compliance or non-compliance with the PFAS Maximum Contaminant Levels, which are enforced on running annual averages and take effect in 2029 (EPA has proposed allowing extensions to 2031). A single result above a limit on this page is a measurement, not a violation.

Sampling-point average: mean of a location's two (ground water) or four (surface water) UCMR 5 results with non-detects counted as zero, EPA's method for comparing UCMR 5 data to the PFAS MCLs. EPA rounds to the reference value's significant digits before deciding whether an average is "greater than" an MCL (PFOA/PFOS averages count as above 4.0 ng/L only from 4.05 ng/L; lithium results count as above the 10 ppb reference only from 15 ppb). This site does not apply that rounding: "at or above" here means the measured value is numerically at or above the reference.

Every detection by sampling location (3 results)
DateSampling locationSource waterContaminantResultReporting level
Feb 5, 2024Treatment Plant Tap Dye Plantground waterLithium19.6 ppb9 ppb
Feb 5, 2024Treatment Plant Tap Wise Rd. Plantground waterLithium14.8 ppb9 ppb
Aug 8, 2024Treatment Plant Tap Dye Plantground waterLithium9.7 ppb9 ppb

Utility-reported context (UCMR 5 questionnaire, aggregated across sampling events): PFAS previously found at this system: yes at 4 of 4 sampling events; potential PFAS sources nearby: no at 4 of 4 sampling events; PFAS treatment in place: no PFAS treatment at 4 of 4 sampling events.

Lead at customer taps

In the latest completed monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2023, 9 in 10 sampled homes had lead at or below 0 ppb, below the 15 ppb action level that triggers utility action. The action level has been reached in 1 of the 18 periods on record.

Action level 15 ppb015Jan 1, 2000 – Dec 31, 2000: 9 ppbJan 1, 2001 – Dec 31, 2001: 13 ppbJan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2002: 13 ppbJan 1, 2003 – Dec 31, 2005: 11.7 ppbJan 1, 2006 – Dec 31, 2008: 15 ppbJan 1, 2007 – Dec 31, 2009: 11.7 ppbJan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010: 7.3 ppbJan 1, 2009 – Dec 31, 2011: 6.0 ppbJan 1, 2012 – Dec 31, 2014: 7.8 ppbJan 1, 2015 – Dec 31, 2017: 1.1 ppbJan 1, 2018 – Dec 31, 2020: 1.6 ppbJan 1, 2021 – Dec 31, 2023: 0 ppbDec 31, 2000Dec 31, 20230 ppb

In the most recent completed lead monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2023, the 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 0 ppb, below the action level of 15 ppb; 1 of the 18 monitoring periods on record reached the action level. The 90th percentile is the value that 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below. Values are in parts per billion (ppb).

Monitoring periodMetal90th percentileAction levelStatus
Jan 1, 2021 – Dec 31, 2023Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2018 – Dec 31, 2020Lead1.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2015 – Dec 31, 2017Lead1.1 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2012 – Dec 31, 2014Lead7.8 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2009 – Dec 31, 2011Lead6.0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010Lead7.3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2007 – Dec 31, 2009Lead11.7 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2006 – Dec 31, 2008Lead15 ppb15 ppbat or above the action level
Jan 1, 2003 – Dec 31, 2005Lead11.7 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2002Lead13 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2001 – Dec 31, 2001Lead13 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2000 – Dec 31, 2000Lead9 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Show all 18 monitoring periods on record
Monitoring periodMetal90th percentileAction levelStatus
Jan 1, 2021 – Dec 31, 2023Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2018 – Dec 31, 2020Lead1.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2015 – Dec 31, 2017Lead1.1 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2012 – Dec 31, 2014Lead7.8 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2009 – Dec 31, 2011Lead6.0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010Lead7.3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2007 – Dec 31, 2009Lead11.7 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2006 – Dec 31, 2008Lead15 ppb15 ppbat or above the action level
Jan 1, 2003 – Dec 31, 2005Lead11.7 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2002Lead13 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2001 – Dec 31, 2001Lead13 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2000 – Dec 31, 2000Lead9 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 1999 – Jun 30, 1999Lead5.5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 1998 – Dec 31, 1998Lead6.4 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 1997 – Dec 31, 1997Lead7 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 1997 – Jun 30, 1997Lead7.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jul 1, 1992 – Dec 31, 1992Lead11.3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 1992 – Jun 30, 1992Lead11 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level

Drinking water violations since Sep 3, 2016

EPA lists 3 violations since Sep 3, 2016. None is health-based. All concern missed monitoring, reporting or public notices, not the water itself.

EPA's SDWIS database lists 3 violations recorded since Sep 3, 2016: 3 for monitoring or reporting, none health-based.

Compliance periodTypeContaminant / ruleDescriptionRecordsStatus
Feb 29, 2020 – May 31, 2020MRTthmMonitoring and Reporting (DBP)1 recordResolved · 3 enforcement actions
Feb 29, 2020 – May 31, 2020MRTotal Haloacetic Acids (Haa5)Monitoring and Reporting (DBP)1 recordResolved · 3 enforcement actions
Nov 1, 2019 – Nov 30, 2019MONRevised Total Coliform RuleMonitoring, Routine (RTCR)1 recordResolved · 3 enforcement actions

Sanitary surveys and site visits

Most recent state inspection: Feb 24, 2026 (reason not recorded); 10 visits since Sep 3, 2021.

What you can do about these results

Filters certified for lead reduction

1 of this utility's 18 lead monitoring periods on record reached the 15 ppb action level (most recent 90th percentile 0 ppb).

NSF/ANSI 53 with a lead-reduction claim, or NSF/ANSI 58 reverse osmosis. Lead comes from plumbing, so a point-of-use filter at the kitchen tap is the relevant type.

Lithium: what reduces it

Lithium reached 19.6 ppb in a single sample, at or above EPA's non-regulatory 10 ppb health reference level.

No NSF/ANSI certification claim exists for lithium. Reverse osmosis systems reduce dissolved minerals generally; we do not recommend a specific product for lithium.

ZIP codes served

Sources

Data vintage: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data, samples collected 2023-01-03 – 2026-06-17, final release, August 2026 (file dated Aug 28, 2026); EPA SDWIS via ECHO, 2026Q2 extract (file dated Jul 9, 2026); EPA service-area boundaries v3.0; Census 2020 ZCTAs. Page generated 2026-09-03.

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