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EPA system OH7608112 · Ohio

Canton Public Water System: Lithium at or above EPA's 10 ppb health reference level

System ID OH7608112; community water system; Ohio; source: groundwater; serves 107,113 people via 41,074 connections; status: active

In focus107,113people served, EPA registry
Public records. Clearer context.
Highest result against its EPA referenceLithium
Lithium: 11.5 ppb; health reference level 10 ppb. highest single sample.11.5 ppbhealth reference level: 10 ppb

highest single sample; sampled July 2024–January 2025. Source: EPA UCMR 5 final release, August 2026.

Canton Public Water System is a local-government-owned community water system in Ohio serving about 107,113 people, matched to 23 ZIP codes.

< 4.0 ppt
PFOA, highest complete-set average
6 samples, none above the reporting level
MCL 4.0 ppt · not detected above the reporting level
< 4.0 ppt
PFOS, highest complete-set average
6 samples, none above the reporting level
MCL 4.0 ppt · not detected above the reporting level
11.5 ppb
Lithium, highest single sample
4 of 6 samples above the reporting level
health reference level 10 ppb · at or above the health reference level
0 / 29
PFAS found above the reporting level
180 results, 3 entry points
0 at or above an MCL on the average basis
8 ppb
Lead 90th percentile
period ending Dec 31, 2025
action level 15 ppb · below the action level
0
health-based violations since Sep 3, 2016
4 violations in total

PFAS treatment declared to EPA: None declared (6 of 6 sampling events) · PFAS found before UCMR 5: Yes, at 6 of 6 sampling events

What EPA says about what was found

  • Lithium EPA's health reference level is derived from a 2008 provisional toxicity value based on effects seen at therapeutic lithium doses; EPA notes the assessment is provisional. EPA source

Quoted from EPA assessments. This site adds no health claims of its own.

PFAS and lithium: what EPA's national survey found

EPA tested this water for 30 substances and found 1. Lithium reached 11.5 ppb; EPA's health reference level, which is guidance and not a limit, is 10 ppb.

Between July 2024 and February 2025, EPA's UCMR 5 program tested 180 samples from 3 sampling locations for 30 contaminants (29 PFAS plus lithium). 1 were detected above the reporting level in at least one sample. Lithium reached 11.5 ppb in a single sample, at or above the health reference level of 10 ppb, which is non-regulatory.

Result EPA comparesNot detected, shown at the reporting levelEPA reference value, at the middle of each row's scale
ContaminantResult against the EPA referenceResultStatus
Lithiumhighest single sample
11.5 ppb
at or above the health reference level
Show the 29 contaminants not detected above the reporting level
11Cl-PF3OUdSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
4:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
6:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
8:2 FTSnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
9Cl-PF3ONSnot detected · reporting level 2.0 ppt
< 2.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
ADONAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
HFPO-DA (GenX)not detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NEtFOSAAnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NFDHAnot detected · reporting level 20.0 ppt
< 20.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
NMeFOSAAnot detected · reporting level 6.0 ppt
< 6.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFBAnot detected · reporting level 5.0 ppt
< 5.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFBSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFDAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFDoAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFEESAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHpAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHpSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHxAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFHxSnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFMBAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFMPAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFNAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFOAnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFOSnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFPeAnot detected · reporting level 3.0 ppt
< 3.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFPeSnot detected · reporting level 4.0 ppt
< 4.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFTAnot detected · reporting level 8.0 ppt
< 8.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFTrDAnot detected · reporting level 7.0 ppt
< 7.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
PFUnAnot detected · reporting level 2.0 ppt
< 2.0 ppt
not detected above the reporting level
Full table: samples, detections, highest single sample, complete-set average and sampling dates for all 30 contaminants
ContaminantSamplesDetectionsHighest single sampleComplete-set average (results used)EPA referenceStatusSampled
Lithium6411.5 ppb11.2 ppb (2 of 2)10 ppb health reference level · compared on the highest sampleat or above the health reference levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
11Cl-PF3OUdS60< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
4:2 FTS60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
6:2 FTS60< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
8:2 FTS60< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
9Cl-PF3ONS60< 2.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
ADONA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
HFPO-DA (GenX)60< 5.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
NEtFOSAA60< 5.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – February 2025
NFDHA60< 20.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
NMeFOSAA60< 6.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – February 2025
PFBA60< 5.0 ppt6,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFBS60< 3.0 ppt2,000 ppt health-based water concentration · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFDA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFDoA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFEESA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFHpA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFHpS60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFHxA60< 3.0 ppt3,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest samplenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFHxS60< 3.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFMBA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFMPA60< 4.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFNA60< 4.0 ppt10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFOA60< 4.0 ppt4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFOS60< 4.0 ppt4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set averagenot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFPeA60< 3.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFPeS60< 4.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
PFTA60< 8.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – February 2025
PFTrDA60< 7.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – February 2025
PFUnA60< 2.0 pptnone setnot detected above the reporting levelJuly 2024 – January 2025
UCMR 5 is a one-time national monitoring survey. Its results do not indicate compliance or non-compliance with the PFAS Maximum Contaminant Levels, which are enforced on running annual averages and take effect in 2029 (EPA has proposed allowing extensions to 2031). A single result above a limit on this page is a measurement, not a violation.

Sampling-point average: mean of a location's two (ground water) or four (surface water) UCMR 5 results with non-detects counted as zero, EPA's method for comparing UCMR 5 data to the PFAS MCLs. EPA rounds to the reference value's significant digits before deciding whether an average is "greater than" an MCL (PFOA/PFOS averages count as above 4.0 ng/L only from 4.05 ng/L; lithium results count as above the 10 ppb reference only from 15 ppb). This site does not apply that rounding: "at or above" here means the measured value is numerically at or above the reference.

Every detection by sampling location (4 results)
DateSampling locationSource waterContaminantResultReporting level
Jul 15, 2024Entry Point to Dist. System Northeast Plantground waterLithium9.1 ppb9 ppb
Jul 15, 2024Entry Point to Dist. System Northwest Plantground waterLithium10.8 ppb9 ppb
Jan 14, 2025Entry Point to Dist. System Northeast Plantground waterLithium9.9 ppb9 ppb
Jan 14, 2025Entry Point to Dist. System Northwest Plantground waterLithium11.5 ppb9 ppb

Utility-reported context (UCMR 5 questionnaire, aggregated across sampling events): PFAS previously found at this system: yes at 6 of 6 sampling events; potential PFAS sources nearby: no at 6 of 6 sampling events; PFAS treatment in place: no PFAS treatment at 6 of 6 sampling events.

Lead and copper at customer taps

In the latest completed monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2025, 9 in 10 sampled homes had lead at or below 8 ppb, below the 15 ppb action level that triggers utility action. None of the 13 periods on record reached it.

Action level 15 ppb015Jan 1, 2001 – Dec 31, 2001: 6.4 ppbJan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2002: 8.1 ppbJan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2004: 5 ppbJan 1, 2005 – Dec 31, 2007: 0 ppbJan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010: 0 ppbJan 1, 2011 – Dec 31, 2013: 3.3 ppbJan 1, 2014 – Dec 31, 2016: 3.9 ppbJan 1, 2017 – Dec 31, 2019: 3.6 ppbJan 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2022: 1.6 ppbJan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023: 3.5 ppbJan 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024: 2.5 ppbJan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025: 8 ppbDec 31, 2001Dec 31, 20258 ppb

In the most recent completed lead monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2025, the 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 8 ppb, below the action level of 15 ppb (13 monitoring periods on record, none at the action level). 2 further records are excluded here as censored or implausible in EPA's database. The 90th percentile is the value that 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below. Values are in parts per billion (ppb).

Monitoring periodMetal90th percentileAction levelStatus
Jan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025Lead8 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024Lead2.5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023Lead3.5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2022Lead1.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2017 – Dec 31, 2019Lead3.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2014 – Dec 31, 2016Lead3.9 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2011 – Dec 31, 2013Lead3.3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2005 – Dec 31, 2007Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2004Lead5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jun 1, 2004 – Sep 30, 2004Copper604,000 ppb1,300 ppbnot comparable: the recorded value is implausible for its reported unit (value implausible for the reported unit)
Jun 1, 2004 – Sep 30, 2004Lead5,000 ppb15 ppbnot comparable: the recorded value is implausible for its reported unit (value implausible for the reported unit)
Show all 15 monitoring periods on record
Monitoring periodMetal90th percentileAction levelStatus
Jan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025Lead8 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024Lead2.5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023Lead3.5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2022Lead1.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2017 – Dec 31, 2019Lead3.6 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2014 – Dec 31, 2016Lead3.9 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2011 – Dec 31, 2013Lead3.3 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2005 – Dec 31, 2007Lead0 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2004Lead5 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jun 1, 2004 – Sep 30, 2004Copper604,000 ppb1,300 ppbnot comparable: the recorded value is implausible for its reported unit (value implausible for the reported unit)
Jun 1, 2004 – Sep 30, 2004Lead5,000 ppb15 ppbnot comparable: the recorded value is implausible for its reported unit (value implausible for the reported unit)
Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2002Lead8.1 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2001 – Dec 31, 2001Lead6.4 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level
Jan 1, 2000 – Dec 31, 2000Lead4.1 ppb15 ppbbelow the action level

Drinking water violations since Sep 3, 2016

EPA lists 4 violations since Sep 3, 2016. None is health-based. All concern missed monitoring, reporting or public notices, not the water itself. 1 is still open.

EPA's SDWIS database lists 4 violations recorded since Sep 3, 2016: 2 for monitoring or reporting, 2 other (public notification or consumer confidence report requirements), none health-based; 1 is not yet resolved.

Compliance periodTypeContaminant / ruleDescriptionRecordsStatus
Oct 25, 2021OtherConsumer Confidence RuleConsumer Confidence Report Inadequate Reporting1 recordResolved · 2 enforcement actions
Dec 31, 2020OtherConsumer Confidence RuleConsumer Confidence Report Inadequate Reporting1 recordUnaddressed · 1 enforcement action
Oct 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2020MRTthmMonitoring and Reporting (DBP)1 recordResolved · 4 enforcement actions
Oct 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2020MRTotal Haloacetic Acids (Haa5)Monitoring and Reporting (DBP)1 recordResolved · 4 enforcement actions

Sanitary surveys and site visits

Most recent state inspection: Jul 17, 2025 (other); 3 visits since Sep 3, 2021.

What you can do about these results

Filters certified for lead reduction

The most recent 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 8 ppb.

NSF/ANSI 53 with a lead-reduction claim, or NSF/ANSI 58 reverse osmosis. Lead comes from plumbing, so a point-of-use filter at the kitchen tap is the relevant type.

Lithium: what reduces it

Lithium reached 11.5 ppb in a single sample, at or above EPA's non-regulatory 10 ppb health reference level.

No NSF/ANSI certification claim exists for lithium. Reverse osmosis systems reduce dissolved minerals generally; we do not recommend a specific product for lithium.

ZIP codes served

Sources

Data vintage: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data, samples collected 2023-01-03 – 2026-06-17, final release, August 2026 (file dated Aug 28, 2026); EPA SDWIS via ECHO, 2026Q2 extract (file dated Jul 9, 2026); EPA service-area boundaries v3.0; Census 2020 ZCTAs. Page generated 2026-09-03.

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