EPA system LA1071009 · Louisiana
New Orleans Carrollton Water Works: Lithium at or above EPA's 10 ppb health reference level
highest single sample; sampled March 2023–March 2025. Source: EPA UCMR 5 final release, August 2026.
New Orleans Carrollton Water Works is a local-government-owned community water system in Louisiana serving about 334,903 people, matched to 20 ZIP codes.
MCL 4.0 ppt · below the MCL
MCL 4.0 ppt · below the MCL
health reference level 10 ppb · at or above the health reference level
What EPA says about what was found
- Lithium EPA's health reference level is derived from a 2008 provisional toxicity value based on effects seen at therapeutic lithium doses; EPA notes the assessment is provisional. EPA source
- PFOS EPA set the health goal (MCLG) for PFOS at zero. EPA's 2024 rule cites its health effects assessment linking PFOS exposure to certain cancers, immune and developmental effects, and changes in cholesterol. EPA source
- PFOA EPA set the health goal (MCLG) for PFOA at zero. EPA's 2024 rule cites its health effects assessment linking PFOA exposure to certain cancers, immune and developmental effects, and changes in cholesterol. EPA source
- HFPO-DA (GenX) EPA's 2021 toxicity assessment for GenX chemicals cites liver, kidney, immune and developmental effects in animal studies. EPA source
Quoted from EPA assessments. This site adds no health claims of its own.
PFAS and lithium: what EPA's national survey found
EPA tested this water for 30 substances and found 7. PFOA averaged 1.0 ppt where EPA's limit is 4.0 ppt, and PFOS averaged 1.1 ppt where EPA's limit is 4.0 ppt. That PFOS result is higher than 87% of the 10,307 water systems EPA tested for it. Lithium reached 14 ppb; EPA's health reference level, which is guidance and not a limit, is 10 ppb.
Between March 2023 and March 2025, EPA's UCMR 5 program tested 360 samples from 3 sampling locations for 30 contaminants (29 PFAS plus lithium). 7 were detected above the reporting level in at least one sample. Averaged over a complete monitoring set, the highest sampling location for PFOA was 1.0 ppt, below the MCL of 4.0 ppt that applies from 2029 (highest single sample 4.1 ppt). Averaged over a complete monitoring set, the highest sampling location for PFOS was 1.1 ppt, below the MCL of 4.0 ppt that applies from 2029 (highest single sample 4.2 ppt). Lithium reached 14 ppb in a single sample, at or above the health reference level of 10 ppb, which is non-regulatory.
Show the 23 contaminants not detected above the reporting level
Full table: samples, detections, highest single sample, complete-set average and sampling dates for all 30 contaminants
| Contaminant | Samples | Detections | Highest single sample | Complete-set average (results used) | EPA reference | Status | Sampled |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFPeA | 12 | 1 | 8.8 ppt | 2.2 ppt (4 of 4) | none set | detected; no EPA reference value | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| Lithium | 12 | 3 | 14 ppb | 3.5 ppb (4 of 4) | 10 ppb health reference level · compared on the highest sample | at or above the health reference level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFOS | 12 | 2 | 4.2 ppt | 1.1 ppt (4 of 4) | 4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set average | below the MCL | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFOA | 12 | 2 | 4.1 ppt | 1.0 ppt (4 of 4) | 4.0 ppt MCL · compared on the complete-set average | below the MCL | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| HFPO-DA (GenX) | 12 | 1 | 5.4 ppt | 1.4 ppt (4 of 4) | 10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set average | below the 2024 MCL (rescission proposed) | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFBA | 12 | 10 | 9.1 ppt | 6.9 ppt (4 of 4) | 6,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest sample | below the screening level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFHxA | 12 | 1 | 3.0 ppt | 0.8 ppt (4 of 4) | 3,000 ppt screening level · compared on the highest sample | below the screening level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| 11Cl-PF3OUdS | 12 | 0 | < 5.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| 4:2 FTS | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| 6:2 FTS | 12 | 0 | < 5.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| 8:2 FTS | 12 | 0 | < 5.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| 9Cl-PF3ONS | 12 | 0 | < 2.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| ADONA | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| NEtFOSAA | 12 | 0 | < 5.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| NFDHA | 12 | 0 | < 20.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| NMeFOSAA | 12 | 0 | < 6.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFBS | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | 2,000 ppt health-based water concentration · compared on the highest sample | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFDA | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFDoA | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFEESA | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFHpA | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFHpS | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFHxS | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | 10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set average | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFMBA | 12 | 0 | < 3.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFMPA | 12 | 0 | < 4.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFNA | 12 | 0 | < 4.0 ppt | — | 10.0 ppt MCL (rescission proposed) · compared on the complete-set average | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFPeS | 12 | 0 | < 4.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFTA | 12 | 0 | < 8.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFTrDA | 12 | 0 | < 7.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
| PFUnA | 12 | 0 | < 2.0 ppt | — | none set | not detected above the reporting level | March 2023 – March 2025 |
Sampling-point average: mean of a location's two (ground water) or four (surface water) UCMR 5 results with non-detects counted as zero, EPA's method for comparing UCMR 5 data to the PFAS MCLs. EPA rounds to the reference value's significant digits before deciding whether an average is "greater than" an MCL (PFOA/PFOS averages count as above 4.0 ng/L only from 4.05 ng/L; lithium results count as above the 10 ppb reference only from 15 ppb). This site does not apply that rounding: "at or above" here means the measured value is numerically at or above the reference.
Every detection by sampling location (20 results)
| Date | Sampling location | Source water | Contaminant | Result | Reporting level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 7, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 6.6 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Mar 7, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Sycamore Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 6.6 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Mar 7, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 6.7 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Jun 7, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 5.4 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Jun 7, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 5.5 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Sep 12, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 6.3 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Sep 12, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | PFOS | 4.2 ppt | 4.0 ppt |
| Sep 12, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 6.5 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Sep 12, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFOS | 4.2 ppt | 4.0 ppt |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 9.1 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | PFOA | 4.1 ppt | 4.0 ppt |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System Claiborne Swtp | surface water | Lithium | 11.1 ppb | 9 ppb |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 9.1 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFHxA | 3.0 ppt | 3.0 ppt |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | PFOA | 4.1 ppt | 4.0 ppt |
| Dec 6, 2023 | Entry Point to Dist. System High Lift Swtp | surface water | Lithium | 11.5 ppb | 9 ppb |
| Sep 30, 2024 | Entry Point to Dist. System Sycamore Swtp | surface water | PFBA | 7.6 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Sep 30, 2024 | Entry Point to Dist. System Sycamore Swtp | surface water | Lithium | 14 ppb | 9 ppb |
| Dec 31, 2024 | Entry Point to Dist. System Sycamore Swtp | surface water | HFPO-DA (GenX) | 5.4 ppt | 5.0 ppt |
| Dec 31, 2024 | Entry Point to Dist. System Sycamore Swtp | surface water | PFPeA | 8.8 ppt | 3.0 ppt |
Utility-reported context (UCMR 5 questionnaire, aggregated across sampling events): PFAS previously found at this system: yes at 12 of 12 sampling events; potential PFAS sources nearby: no at 12 of 12 sampling events; PFAS treatment in place: no PFAS treatment at 12 of 12 sampling events.
Lead at customer taps
In the latest completed monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2025, 9 in 10 sampled homes had lead at or below 6 ppb, below the 15 ppb action level that triggers utility action. The action level has been reached in 1 of the 11 periods on record.
In the most recent completed lead monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2025, the 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 6 ppb, below the action level of 15 ppb; 1 of the 11 monitoring periods on record reached the action level. The 90th percentile is the value that 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below. Values are in parts per billion (ppb).
| Monitoring period | Metal | 90th percentile | Action level | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2025 | Lead | 6 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2022 | Lead | 5 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 2017 – Dec 31, 2019 | Lead | 8 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 2014 – Dec 31, 2016 | Lead | 9 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 2011 – Dec 31, 2013 | Lead | 6 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 2008 – Dec 31, 2010 | Lead | 11 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 2005 – Dec 31, 2007 | Lead | 15 ppb | 15 ppb | at or above the action level |
| Jan 1, 2002 – Dec 31, 2004 | Lead | 1 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 1999 – Dec 31, 2001 | Lead | 1 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jul 1, 1992 – Dec 31, 1992 | Lead | 3 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
| Jan 1, 1992 – Jun 30, 1992 | Lead | 4 ppb | 15 ppb | below the action level |
Drinking water violations since Sep 3, 2016
EPA lists 4 violations since Sep 3, 2016. 1 is health-based, meaning a contaminant or treatment rule was not met. The other 3 concern missed monitoring, reporting or public notices.
EPA's SDWIS database lists 4 violations recorded since Sep 3, 2016: 1 health-based (a contaminant above its maximum contaminant level, a disinfectant above its maximum residual level, or a required treatment technique not met), 3 for monitoring or reporting.
| Compliance period | Type | Contaminant / rule | Description | Records | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 1, 2025 – Jan 31, 2025 | TT · health-based | Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule | Monthly Turbidity Exceed (Enhanced SWTR) | 1 record | Resolved · 4 enforcement actions |
| Jun 1, 2023 – Jun 30, 2023 | MON | Revised Total Coliform Rule | Monitoring, Routine (RTCR) | 1 record | Resolved · 4 enforcement actions |
| Dec 1, 2022 – Dec 31, 2022 | MON | Revised Total Coliform Rule | Monitoring, Routine (RTCR) | 1 record | Resolved · 4 enforcement actions |
| Jan 1, 2022 – Mar 31, 2022 | MR | Carbon, Total | Monitoring and Reporting (DBP) | 1 record | Resolved · 4 enforcement actions |
Sanitary surveys and site visits
Most recent state inspection: Jan 9, 2025 (reason not recorded); 6 visits since Sep 3, 2021.
What you can do about these results
Filters certified to reduce PFOA and PFOS
EPA testing found 6 PFAS above reporting levels in this utility's water.
Look for NSF/ANSI 53 (activated carbon) or NSF/ANSI 58 (reverse osmosis) certification that names PFOA/PFOS reduction.
Filters certified for lead reduction
1 of this utility's 11 lead monitoring periods on record reached the 15 ppb action level (most recent 90th percentile 6 ppb).
NSF/ANSI 53 with a lead-reduction claim, or NSF/ANSI 58 reverse osmosis. Lead comes from plumbing, so a point-of-use filter at the kitchen tap is the relevant type.
Lithium: what reduces it
Lithium reached 14 ppb in a single sample, at or above EPA's non-regulatory 10 ppb health reference level.
No NSF/ANSI certification claim exists for lithium. Reverse osmosis systems reduce dissolved minerals generally; we do not recommend a specific product for lithium.
ZIP codes served
Sources
Data vintage: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data, samples collected 2023-01-03 – 2026-06-17, final release, August 2026 (file dated Aug 28, 2026); EPA SDWIS via ECHO, 2026Q2 extract (file dated Jul 9, 2026); EPA service-area boundaries v3.0; Census 2020 ZCTAs. Page generated 2026-09-03.
- EPA ECHO detailed facility report
- EPA UCMR 5 Data Finder
- EPA service-area boundary: modeled, 84.0 sq mi
