EPA system PR0002591 · Puerto Rico

Metropolitano: PFOS at or above EPA's 4.0 ppt limit

System ID PR0002591; community water system; Puerto Rico; source: surface water; serves 1,084,637 people via 406,231 connections; status: active

In focus1,084,637people served, EPA registry

Public records. Clearer context.

Metropolitano is a local-government-owned community water system in Puerto Rico serving about 1,084,637 people, matched to 21 ZIP codes.

PFAS and lithium: what EPA's national survey found

EPA tested this water for 30 substances and found 8. PFOS averaged 6.3 ppt where EPA's limit is 4.0 ppt. EPA's limit applies to a running yearly average and is enforced from 2029. That PFOS result is higher than 94% of the 10,307 water systems EPA tested for it.

Between April 2024 and January 2025, EPA's UCMR 5 program tested 600 samples from 5 sampling locations for 30 contaminants (29 PFAS plus lithium). 8 were detected above the reporting level in at least one sample. Averaged over a complete monitoring set, the highest sampling location for PFOA was 2.7 ppt, below the MCL of 4.0 ppt that applies from 2029 (highest single sample 10.9 ppt). Averaged over a complete monitoring set, the highest sampling location for PFOS was 6.3 ppt, at or above the MCL of 4.0 ppt that applies from 2029 (highest single sample 7.8 ppt).

Sampling-point average: mean of a location's two (ground water) or four (surface water) UCMR 5 results with non-detects counted as zero, EPA's method for comparing UCMR 5 data to the PFAS MCLs. EPA rounds to the reference value's significant digits before deciding whether an average is "greater than" an MCL (PFOA/PFOS averages count as above 4.0 ng/L only from 4.05 ng/L; lithium results count as above the 10 ppb reference only from 15 ppb). This site does not apply that rounding: "at or above" here means the measured value is numerically at or above the reference.

Utility-reported context (UCMR 5 questionnaire, aggregated across sampling events): PFAS previously found at this system: not known at 20 of 20 sampling events; potential PFAS sources nearby: not known at 20 of 20 sampling events.

Lead at customer taps

In the latest completed monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2016, 9 in 10 sampled homes had lead at or below 6 ppb, below the 15 ppb action level that triggers utility action. The action level has been reached in 2 of the 30 periods on record.

In the most recent completed lead monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2016, the 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 6 ppb, below the action level of 15 ppb; 2 of the 30 monitoring periods on record reached the action level. The 90th percentile is the value that 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below. Values are in parts per billion (ppb).

Drinking water violations since Sep 3, 2016

EPA lists 190 violations since Sep 3, 2016. 83 are health-based, meaning a contaminant or treatment rule was not met. The other 107 concern missed monitoring, reporting or public notices.

EPA's SDWIS database lists 190 violations recorded since Sep 3, 2016: 83 health-based (a contaminant above its maximum contaminant level, a disinfectant above its maximum residual level, or a required treatment technique not met), 105 for monitoring or reporting, 2 other (public notification or consumer confidence report requirements).

Sanitary surveys and site visits

Most recent state inspection: Nov 5, 2025 (sanitary survey); 1 visit since Sep 3, 2021.

What you can do about these results

ZIP codes served

Sources

Data vintage: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data, samples collected 2023-01-03 – 2026-06-17, final release, August 2026 (file dated Aug 28, 2026); EPA SDWIS via ECHO, 2026Q2 extract (file dated Jul 9, 2026); EPA service-area boundaries v3.0; Census 2020 ZCTAs. Page generated 2026-09-03.

• EPA ECHO detailed facility report
• EPA UCMR 5 Data Finder
• EPA service-area boundary: modeled, 47.1 sq mi