EPA system DE0000552 · Delaware

Artesian Water Company: PFOA at or above EPA's 4.0 ppt limit

System ID DE0000552; community water system; Delaware; source: purchased surface water; serves 231,114 people via 85,347 connections; status: active

In focus231,114people served, EPA registry

Public records. Clearer context.

Artesian Water Company is a privately owned community water system in Delaware serving about 231,114 people, matched to 11 ZIP codes.

PFAS treatment declared to EPA: Granular activated carbon (20 of 46 sampling events), ion exchange (4 of 46 sampling events) · PFAS found before UCMR 5: Yes, at 44 of 48 sampling events

PFAS and lithium: what EPA's national survey found

EPA tested this water for 30 substances and found 8. PFOA averaged 22.3 ppt where EPA's limit is 4.0 ppt, and PFOS averaged 5.6 ppt where EPA's limit is 4.0 ppt. EPA's limit applies to a running yearly average and is enforced from 2029. That PFOA result is higher than 99.7% of the 10,307 water systems EPA tested for it.

Between May 2024 and February 2025, EPA's UCMR 5 program tested 1,355 samples from 22 sampling locations for 30 contaminants (29 PFAS plus lithium). 8 were detected above the reporting level in at least one sample. Averaged over a complete monitoring set, the highest sampling location for PFOA was 22.3 ppt, at or above the MCL of 4.0 ppt that applies from 2029 (highest single sample 23.1 ppt). Averaged over a complete monitoring set, the highest sampling location for PFOS was 5.6 ppt, at or above the MCL of 4.0 ppt that applies from 2029 (highest single sample 6.0 ppt).

Sampling-point average: mean of a location's two (ground water) or four (surface water) UCMR 5 results with non-detects counted as zero, EPA's method for comparing UCMR 5 data to the PFAS MCLs. EPA rounds to the reference value's significant digits before deciding whether an average is "greater than" an MCL (PFOA/PFOS averages count as above 4.0 ng/L only from 4.05 ng/L; lithium results count as above the 10 ppb reference only from 15 ppb). This site does not apply that rounding: "at or above" here means the measured value is numerically at or above the reference.

Utility-reported context (UCMR 5 questionnaire, aggregated across sampling events): PFAS previously found at this system: yes at 44 of 48 sampling events, not known at 4 of 48 sampling events; potential PFAS sources nearby: no at 26 of 48 sampling events, yes at 18 of 48 sampling events, not known at 4 of 48 sampling events; PFAS treatment in place: no PFAS treatment at 22 of 46 sampling events, granular activated carbon at 20 of 46 sampling events, ion exchange at 4 of 46 sampling events.

Lead at customer taps

In the latest completed monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2023, 9 in 10 sampled homes had lead at or below 1 ppb, below the 15 ppb action level that triggers utility action. None of the 10 periods on record reached it.

In the most recent completed lead monitoring period, ending Dec 31, 2023, the 90th-percentile lead result at customer taps was 1 ppb, below the action level of 15 ppb (10 monitoring periods on record, none at the action level). The 90th percentile is the value that 9 in 10 sampled homes were at or below. Values are in parts per billion (ppb).

Drinking water violations since Sep 3, 2016

EPA lists no drinking-water violations for this utility since Sep 3, 2016.

EPA's SDWIS database lists no drinking water violations for this utility since Sep 3, 2016.

None on file.

Sanitary surveys and site visits

Most recent state inspection: Oct 15, 2025 (sanitary survey); 2 visits since Sep 3, 2021.

What you can do about these results

ZIP codes served

Sources

Data vintage: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data, samples collected 2023-01-03 – 2026-06-17, final release, August 2026 (file dated Aug 28, 2026); EPA SDWIS via ECHO, 2026Q2 extract (file dated Jul 9, 2026); EPA service-area boundaries v3.0; Census 2020 ZCTAs. Page generated 2026-09-03.

• EPA ECHO detailed facility report
• EPA UCMR 5 Data Finder
• EPA service-area boundary: modeled, 89.5 sq mi